Graphics DesignGraphics Design · Lesson 04
Colour Theory in Practice
Harmony, contrast, meaning and building a usable palette.
Video tutorialTrack course · Envato Tuts+
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Colour is emotion plus function. It signals brand, directs attention and encodes state — and it must survive accessibility requirements while doing all of it.
| Scheme | Recipe | Character |
|---|---|---|
| Monochromatic | One hue, many values | Calm, elegant, safe |
| Analogous | Neighbouring hues | Harmonious, natural |
| Complementary | Opposite hues | High energy, punchy |
| Split-complementary | One hue + two beside its opposite | Contrast without clashing |
| Triadic | Three evenly spaced hues | Vibrant, playful |
- 60-30-10 rule: 60% dominant/neutral, 30% secondary, 10% accent.
- Value beats hue: if the design fails in greyscale, the hues won't save it.
- Contrast: body text needs 4.5:1 against its background; large text 3:1.
- Never rely on colour alone to convey meaning — add an icon or label.
- Build tokens: background, surface, foreground, muted, primary, accent, destructive.
60-30-10 in action
Design in greyscale first, then add colour last. It forces hierarchy to come from value and layout rather than saturation.
Knowledge check
0/2 answeredThe 60-30-10 rule allocates 10% to...
Minimum contrast ratio for normal body text?